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Principles and Virtues: “Speciality” and “Motor Shift” in Confucian ethics
Author: Li Mingshu
Source: “Philosophy Research” Issue 9, 2022
Abstract: “Speciality” and “Motor Shift” were proposed by relevant ethics scholar Nodins. “Special” refers to the meritorious relationship of the person concerned to focus on the person concerned; “motor shift” refers to the quarantine relationship caused by the person concerned to transfer his own behavioral motor to the person concerned. When the concerned person focuses on the concerned person and the motor formation of the two can produce appropriate moral judgments. Positioning Confucian ethics based on oriental ethics such as moral theory and virtue theory often leads to difficulties, because when Confucian ethics judges morality, it requires comprehensive evaluation mechanisms, results and other reasons, and cannot determine the Confucian ethics system based on a single condition. However, the focus on ethics and motor shifting are enough to illustrate the reckless reasons that Confucianism considers when conducting moral judgments, and thus can form a Confucian ethics system that is different from the previous ones.
Keywords: Confucian ethics; concerned ethics; specialization; motor displacement; Nodins
Author introduction: Li Mingshu, a specialized researcher at Zhejiang University of Philosophy, former lecturer at the Institute of Science and Technology of China, currently serves as the Standing Committee of the “Yuanhu Monthly” and a professional social awareness and discussion in China’s Certification of Materialism. href=”https://twsweetsugar99.org/”>Integrated Software Committee Director, and Intermediary Discussion of the Oriental Humanities Research Foundation Chinese Philosophy Research Research Institute. Important research on Confucian philosophy, teaching philosophy and life ethics.
How Confucius gave moral judgments is still a matter of importance. The late Hong Kong New Confucianism (substantially called Confucianism or Confucianism) was influenced by Kant and believed that because of his sensibility, people who believe that because of their sensibility, they must respect the law and make moral judgments. This is a manifestation of self-discipline, and this is a talent that is acquired without seeking outside. It is not necessarily in the humanitarian structure through internal learning. Supporting Confucianism is a virtue. The theory of science believes that human virtue can be cultivated and makes people a virtuous act. Virtuous people do not need to make correct moral judgments based on established principles or rules. Confucian virtue theory is one step further than Confucianism. It is believed that the goal of Confucianism is to achieve a perfect and complete life, and not only to provide for behavioral nor to establish behavior independent of a complete person. Recently, there has been a study of relevant ethics based on moral judgments. It is believed that Confucian moral judgments and values originate from people in their real lives.Related. This relationship-based standpoint reflects more on the views of Confucianism and moral ethics, and then takes over the theoretical characteristics of Kant and moral ethics, among which the system established by Nel Noddings is the most complete.
The first to introduce Confucianism to Confucianism was Li Chenyang. He was the first to compare confucianism with Confucianism (cf.Li, 1994), and then revised his views (see Li Chenyang, 2019, page 90), which led to a discussion on whether confucianism can be similar and whether it can be related to inclusive relationships. Although there are many related discussions, we have not deeply analyzed the concept of related ethics. Later, Shen Xiaoyang and Korean Jade Soul had carefully sorted out the relationship between Confucianism and related ethics (see Shen Xiaoyang; Korean Jade Soul), and Korean Jade Soul pointed out that “Confucian ethics is a kind of related ethics based on the moral and emotional nature of the behavior” (Korean Jade Soul, page 35) , but the importance is still about the focus concept of “concern”, which focuses on ethics, and like Li Chenyang, he failed to explore how Confucianism can use more detailed concepts to develop the connotation of thinking, nor did he use ethics to respond to moral issues. Lin Changze has reflected on the lack of ethics and righteous ethics, pointing out that the Confucian “in the complete personality of a righteous person, there should not only be kindness concerns that are ignored by oriental righteous ideas, but also correct requests that are not to be ignored by female ideology” (Lin Changze, page 50), and has developed to “post-common responsibility ethics”. Yang Guorong also pointed out that Confucian virtues have the characteristics of sensibility and emotion. The former forms the form of “low and sweet” in the name of “low and sweet”, which is equivalent to the request of Kantian moral theory or standard ethics for behavior; the latter becomes the form of “benevolence”, which is equivalent to the influence of emotions discussed by virtue ethics and related ethics in moral behavior. At the same time, only by mastering the two forms of “low-cost sweetness” (sensuality) and “benevolence” (emotionality), can we fully grasp the content of Confucian morality. (See Yang Guorong, 2022, pages 249-272) Lin Changze and Yang Guorong have similar views, both of which are the complete content of decomposing the righteousness (sensibility) and concern (sentence). The difference is that Lin Changze directly adopts oriental theory, expressing two theoretical concepts of Confucianism, including oriental righteousness and related ethics; Yang Guorong is to advance from morality and behavior as one’s own connotation, believing that Confucianism is the expression of two forms, and then use this to collect theories of oriental theory of moral theory, morality, and related ethics. However, neither of them explores what the main concepts in the ethics help to describe Confucianism and how these concepts help to provide Confucian moral judgments. They all only have a holistic grasp of the ethics.
Of course, this is to choose appropriate rationalism and concepts to explain Confucianism from Eastern philosophy in comparing philosophy and the meaning of promoting Confucianism to the world, just like the way to explain Confucianism’s judgment of morality through moral theory and virtue. After this comparison, Confucianism can be used to respond to the problems of Eastern philosophy and present the uniqueness of Confucianism that is different from the Eastern. Confucian moral judgments are not entirely similar to those of theories, but under the theoretical development of Eastern ethics, through the theoretical development of ethics to respond to moral and virtues, it can be seen that Confucianism has evolved in the development of representative theories. 变方 From this we can see that many other concepts in the study of ethics have never been explored and used to explain Confucian ethics. Learners have not opposed other criticisms from the perspective of Confucian ethics. Therefore, this article will explain how Confucianism judges morally from the perspective of concerning ethics from the perspective of Confucianism in response to the lack of Confucianism’s concepts and Confucian virtues, and then point out the purpose of the future development of Confucianism’s moral principles.
1. The “focus” and “motor shift” of ethics
The general belief that the view of ethics as the origin of ethics theory originated from Carol Gilligan, who published the book “The Voice of Difference: Mind Theory and Development of Women” in 1982, by reflecting on his teacher Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory of personality development, Jixiang believes that due to differences in perception between men and women, the behavior judgments adopted are also different. Men tend to judge works based on principles such as sensibility and righteousness, while women often complain about emotions and concerns. Therefore, it is a wrong conclusion that women’s sensibility is worse based on the standard of male moral judgment. (cf.Gilligan, pp.72-74) After the auspicious roots, many learners continue to develop their views, believing that moral judgments developed from the female perspective should be based on concern and the interaction of concern after the relationship between the concerned and the concerned person appears.
As for why the interaction between the concerned and the concerned person is generated? In order to distinguish it from the ethical theory that focuses on sensibility, such as moral theory, consequence theory, virtue theory, etc., ethical theory is based on the female perspective and believes that the generation of relevance practice does not originate from sensibility, but Bare online car and horse taxiFrom human nature, it seems to be a parent href=”https://twsugardaddy.org/”>Integrity software relies on future generations. Natural emotions are born to meet the needs of the other party. They are inherent in humans and do not exist through sensual thinking, proof, and construction. (cf.Noddings, 2002, pp.57-58) This is what Noddings calls “natural concern”. From natural concerns, they can develop sensual “et
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